Academic job market refers to the pool of vacant teaching and administrative positions in Academia, i.e. in institutions of Higher Education such as universities and colleges, and also to the competition for these positions, and the mechanisms for advertising and filling them. This job market differs somewhat from other job markets because of such institutions as tenure. It is frequently a subject of debate relating to questions of openness, discrimination and reverse discrimination, and political interference.
The Academic job market, like the structure of academic careers, operates somewhat differently in different countries.
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Most academic jobs in the UK are advertised through jobs.ac.uk (http://www.jobs.ac.uk), an on-line search engine with a free e-mail service. Academic jobs are also advertised in the Times Higher Education (formerly Times Higher Education Supplement).
Academic jobs in the US are advertised in the Chronicle of Higher Education, Inside Higher Ed, Higher Ed Jobs and through professional bodies in the respective disciplines. For example, jobs in modern languages are advertised through the MLA job bank (http://www.mla.org/jil), which is searchable on-line for members only. The job search for assistant professorships and similar entry level positions is in most disciplines centralized. Initial job interviews are conducted at the annual meeting of the respective discipline, and successful candidates are flown out (a flyout) for a campus interview.
In Germany, professorships are usually advertised in Die Zeit. However, "Mittelbau" positions (those below the level of full professor) frequently are not advertised, but are simply appointed internally.
In the Netherlands, academic jobs are often advertised through Academic transfer (http://www.academictransfer.org/org/), an on-line search engine with a free e-mail service.
In Canada, academic jobs are usually advertised through the Canadian Association of University Teachers (https://www.academicwork.ca).